Call Numbers:
The James E. Brooks Library uses the Superintendent of Documents (SuDocs) classification system for all federal government publications. The following make up a SuDoc call number:
Most classification deal with the items content; SuDocs deal with the items authorship, as in the creating Federal agency. For example, call numbers beginning with the letter A are published by the Agriculture Department, C for Commerce, D for Defense, etc. These are not always mnemonic, and there are some two and three letter designation, notably NAS for NASA.
Citing government publications for the most part is like citing any other resource. You first need to determine if it is a monograph (a book) or a serial (ongoing publications). Most style guides will use the same criteria as books and serials. If they do not, then they use the same criteria for legal resources such as the Bluebook style.
There are two published manuals devoted to government publications.
1. The complete guide to citing government documents: a manual for writers & librarians. (1983). Diane L. Garner and Diane H. Smith. Docs Reference 3rd Floor Z7164.G7 G37 1984
2. The complete guide to citing government information resources : a manual for writers & librarians. (1993). Diane L. Garner and Diane H. Smith. 4th floor Z7164 G7 G37 1993
Cornell University has a wonderful blog describing how to cite government publications using MLA and APA.
Indiana University at Bloomington has a terrific overview guide describing in detail how to cite the different forms and formats of government publications.